Morals and Values 3.
Morals and Conscience
Do we have them?
This
is the third time I have talked about this subject from which you will gather
that I think it’s important, especially in the light of some the recent events
in the UK, such as riots. However I believe they are only a symptom of
something deeper.
Politicians,
of all shades, including the prime ministers are discussing this subject
and it is playing central stage on many TV and Radio Programmes. Perhaps, then, it really is important. There
is also deep concern about our schools and our young people – how, the
politicians and TV pundits ask, can we install morals into young people so that
they do not smash up our streets and destroy our society?
Many
responses to my talks and that can be summed up as follows, ‘Morals don’t need
to come from the Bible, The Koran, or from a god, they surely can come from
within ourselves?’ to which I answer, ‘yes of course they can but what sort of
moral guide would that be?’
We
need to go one step back and ask, why we need to have morals at all, and what
is it that propels us to even ask these questions. My answer encompasses the whole issue of
conscience.
What
is conscience? What is our conscience?
My argument would be that conscience is a part of us that we are all
born with. Some people disagree with
this concept and say that we don’t have a conscience, but I strongly believe
that we do. We each have our own individual conscience, unique to us
personally. That means that it only works for us, it doesn’t work for anyone
else. What it instils in us is the
general sense of right and wrong.
In a
nutshell, right and wrong for you might be different to the right and wrong for
me, but there will, most definitely, be a personal right and wrong. This
concept is far beyond the idea that we do things because they are convenient or
inconvenient or because we know we can ‘get away with it’.
How
does conscience work, well for the individual, and I do stress the individual
in any given situation it will say to the person, ‘yes that is right do it,’
or, ‘No, that is wrong! You should not do it.’
You conscience does not impel you, it does not force you in any
direction, it will only hint at the decision you should make, the final
decision that decides the action is the result of your decision making process,
which I would call the will.
When you have carried out an act, you know if it
is wrong without anyone telling you, you will feel uncomfortable and disturbed;
the pendulum of your conscience has swung into the negative zone. For many people when they obey their
consciences and do what they feel is right they often say they feel good, when
they disobey their conscience they feel bad, or despondent, but the feeling
does not prevent them from disobeying.
Interestingly
the Bible does have some comments on this. John 1:9 is obviously talking about Jesus the
Christ, but also the implication is that there is a ‘light’, or the word I use,
conscience that is there in every
person, and Romans 2:14 says this, “for when Gentiles, who do not have the law,
by nature do the things in the law, these, although not having the law, are a
law to themselves.” In other words we
all have it, and we use it, our conscience, personally.
This
means that we will have different views of right or wrong according first of
all to us, and then as we grow and develop, according to what we learn from our
family and surrounding culture and education.
The problem is that we all break
our own rules, and go against our own conscience.
Conscience
can of course be educated and that is where the moral discussion enters the stage. Who will define that moral code, will it be
just me, will it be my culture, or will it be God?
It is possible for our conscience to be
developed and refined by all sorts of external things, including education.
But
who should define the moral code, which one will we adopt?
We need to understand that the moral code
that Jesus defines is quite amazing in that it is contrary to all other moral
codes that I know anything about, but please tell me if you know something
different.
Think about some of those
moral imperatives and how counter-culture they are; ‘love your enemies, do good
to those who do bad to you,’ for starters. What sort of Moral code do you want
people to follow?
What moral code is
required for our culture to follow and for you personally?
Adrian Hawkes
W. 824
3 Minute talk for UCB